A cleft lip and palate are common birth defects that affect the upper lip and roof of the mouth (palate).

A cleft lip occurs when there is a split or opening in the upper lip, which can range from a small notch to a large gap that extends up into the nose. This can happen during early pregnancy when the tissues that form the lip do not fully come together.

A cleft palate occurs when the roof of the mouth has an opening that extends from the front (near the lips) to the back (near the throat). This opening can affect one or both sides of the palate and can vary in size and severity.

These conditions can cause difficulties with feeding, speech, hearing, and dental development. They can also impact facial appearance and may require surgical correction to close the openings and improve function and appearance.

Treatment typically involves a team of healthcare professionals, including surgeons, speech therapists, dentists, and specialists in child development, who work together to address the various challenges associated with cleft lip and palate and provide comprehensive care for affected individuals from infancy through childhood and adolescence.